Offshore applications can now rely on higher accuracy and faster convergence through Apex PRO Correction Services from Hexagon | Veripos.

Veripos announced today the launch of Apex PRO Correction Services with breakthrough RTK From the Sky technology. Hexagon’s Autonomy & Positioning division’s RTK From the Sky enables global, centimetre-level precise point positioning (PPP) accuracy in as fast as 3 minutes — without compromising on high reliability. Now, this technology comes to the offshore marine market through Apex PRO corrections to support safer operations and increased efficiency, resulting in higher productivity and minimised downtime.

With RTK From the Sky, Apex PRO becomes the world’s first high-accuracy, quad-frequency and quad-constellation correction service for offshore positioning with RTK-level vertical and horizontal accuracy, 99.999% service uptime and near-instant reconvergence. With the ability to layer multiple Veripos solutions combined with their 24/7/365 customer support and global coverage through L-Band and IP delivery, they provide a total solution for the most demanding offshore applications.

“Offshore positioning is a very challenging environment requiring the best positioning possible with built-in redundancy, resiliency and accuracy to maintain continuous and safe operations,” said David Russell, Marine Segment Manager at Hexagon’s Autonomy & Positioning division. “Apex PRO is the latest service to integrate RTK From the Sky technology, and we are excited for the continued safety of operations and reduced environmental impacts the service enables.”

Apex PRO is compatible with existing Veripos hardware and software, including the LD8, LD900 and Quantum visualisation software. The new PPP solution builds upon Veripos’ proven track record of delivering innovation in reliable and robust positioning solutions for the offshore marine market. Learn more at veripos.com/services.

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TDK Corp. has announced the extension of the Tronics AXO300 accelerometers platform with two new products.

After the successful production launch in 2020 of the ±14 g AXO315 accelerometer for high-performance navigation and positioning of dynamic systems, Tronics extends the AXO300 accelerometer series with AXO301, a low-noise and high-resolution ±1 g accelerometer for high precision acceleration/deceleration measurements in railway applications and inclination control in industrial applications, and AXO305, a ±5 g accelerometer tailored for navigation, positioning, and motion control of land and marine manned and unmanned systems.

Built with an innovative closed-loop architecture that delivers high linearity and stability even under strong vibrations, the accelerometers from the AXO300 platform feature an excellent one-year composite bias repeatability of 1 mg and composite scale factor repeatability of 600 ppm.

AXO301 High-Resolution Accelerometer and Inclinometer for Railway and Industrial Systems
AXO301 is a low-noise, high-resolution, closed-loop digital MEMS accelerometer with ±1 g input range that offers a performance-equivalent, low-SWaP (size, weight and power) and cost-effective alternative to force balance inclinometers and servo-accelerometers. It demonstrates an ultra-low noise density of 8 μg/√Hz with an excellent 50 μg resolution to offer high-accuracy inclination angle measurements. AXO301 is tailored to odometry assistance for train positioning and localization systems, high-end industrial tilt and inclination measurements systems as well as motion control of construction machinery. The AXO301 is compliant with EN61373 railway standard for vibrations and shocks.

AXO305 High-Performance Accelerometer for Land, Marine and Robotics applications
With an input measurement range of ±5 g and vibration rectification error of 20 μg/g², AXO305 is tailored to navigation, positioning and motion control functions of land, rail and marine transportation systems and vehicles.

It demonstrates a Bias Instability of 4 μg with a ±0.5 mg bias over its temperature range, thus enabling precise GNSS-aided navigation of manned and unmanned ground vehicles and trains when integrated into inertial navigation systems. AXO305 is a perfect candidate for motion reference units used for ship motion control and dynamic positioning, inertial measurement units for land navigation, subsea navigation of autonomous underwater vehicles and remotely operated vehicles, platform and crane stabilization as well as precision robotics.

The closed-loop architecture of Tronics AXO300 platform offers high resolution and strong vibration rejection. Accelerometers and inclinometers from the Tronics AXO300 series are housed in a miniature, hermetic, ceramic J-lead package that ensures long operational and storage life and guarantees a high compliancy with the stringent thermal cycling requirements of critical applications. They embed fully hard-coded electronics with a 24-bit digital SPI interface for a swift integration into stand-alone sensor modules, INS, IMU as well as attitude and heading reference systems. The built-in self-test ensures initial verification of the sensor’s integrity and continuous in-operation functionality test.

Low SWaP

Thanks to their common sensor’s architecture, miniature package and low-power consumption, Tronics AXO315, AXO305 and AXO301 accelerometers offer a digital, cost-effective and low-SwaP alternative to bulky, expensive, and power-consuming analog solutions like tactical-grade quartz accelerometers. AXO300 accelerometers are ideally complemented by high performance Tronics GYPRO digital rate gyros that share the same SMD J-lead ceramic package (12 x 12 x 5 mm) and same digital interface to enable low-cost integration, assembly, and reliability on PCB, even in fast-changing temperature conditions.

AXO315 volume production started in 2020. AXO301 and AXO305 are now available for sampling and customer evaluations, directly at Tronics or through specialized distribution channels like Texim. Swift evaluation of the sensors can also be made with an Arduino-based evaluation kit that provides built-in testing functionalities such as output reading and recording, recalibration, and digital self-tests.

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The European Union Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA) has published its Earth Observation (EO) & GNSS Market Report, an outgrowth of its annual GNSS Market Report now that the agency has also taken on Earth observation among its administrative responsibilities. The Report is compiled and written for all those making these technologies part of their business plan and developing downstream applications.

In 2021, GNSS and EO downstream market generated over 200 billion euros revenues and are set to reach almost half a trillion over the next decade. EO and GNSS data have become increasingly important in the big data realm and paradigm responding to natural and man-made disasters, curbing the spread of disease and strengthening a global supply chain, among many other goals.

The Report provides analytical information on the dynamic GNSS and EO markets, along with in-depth analyses of the latest global trends and developments through illustrated examples and use cases. Using advanced econometric models, it also offers market evolution forecasts of GNSS shipments or EO revenues spanning to 2031.

With a focus on Galileo/EGNOS and Copernicus, the report highlights the essential role of space data across 17 market segments including,

• Agriculture; Aviation and Drones;
• Biodiversity, Ecosystems and Natural Capital;
• Climate Services; Consumer Solutions, Tourism, and Health;
• Emergency Management and Humanitarian Aid;
• Energy and Raw Materials; Environmental Monitoring;
• Fisheries and Aquaculture; Forestry;
• Infrastructure;
• Insurance and Finance;
• Maritime and Inland Waterways;
• Rail;
• • Road and Automotive;
• Urban Development and Cultural Heritage;
• and Space.

Some report highlights:

• Global annual GNSS receiver shipments will reach 2.5 bn units by 2031, dominated by the applications falling under the Consumer Solutions, Tourism and Health segment contributing roughly to 92% of global annual shipments;

• In EO, aside from the largest markets like Agriculture, Urban Development and Cultural Heritage or Energy and Raw Materials, the Insurance and Finance segment is expected to experience the fastest growth over the next decade (21 % of CAGR) for both EO data and value-added service revenues;

• From a supply perspective, the European Industry holds over 41% of the global EO downstream market and 25 % of the global GNSS downstream market.

“The flagship EU Space Programme, driven by Galileo and EGNOS on one side and Copernicus on the other, has become a major enabler in the downstream space application market. As a user-oriented agency, we provide this inside information on markets evolution to our users, being innovators, entrepreneurs, investors, academic researchers, chipset manufacturers, or simply anyone who looks into space to bring value to their activities. The added value and key differentiators of European GNSS and EO are showcased, both separately and in synergy with each other. I know that the report will be of great use and inspiration for those who are contributing to the EU economic growth,” concluded EUSPA Executive Director Rodrigo da Costa.

The report is available for download here.

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Scientists at Draper Laboratory have patented a celestial navigation system called a sliced-lens star tracker, which in its early form can achieve 50-meter accuracy in GNSS-denied environments. Improvements are expected as the technology evolves. Vehicles of all kinds may be able to benefit when using this system for navigating by the stars.

Draper continues to develop advanced star-tracker technology, including novel hardware architectures and computational techniques, to improve performance and reduce size and cost.

According to the U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO), the Department of Defense (DOD) is actively investigating automated celestial positioning technology.

Celestial navigation has of course existed for centuries in the maritime realm. Originally, celestial objects were used simply to help determine direction of travel. In the modern age dedicated tools such as sextants enabled observers to calculate their position based on measuring angles to celestial objects.

[Image above courtesy Draper.]

Current R&D focuses on using cameras to image the sky, and referencing the stars’ orientation to determine a platform’s position.

The technique depends on highly accurate celestial maps. According to a DOD official, an automated system performing this imaging and analysis could determine absolute position to within 50 meters.

Celestial systems still face limitations based on weather. Clouds can block the visibility of stars.

 Draper’s star tracker advances the technology of celestial navigation in several ways. The star tracker’s optics are smaller and lighter than a conventional lens, reducing the overall size and weight compared to conventional star trackers, while maintaining high angular resolution. The new system includes a pixelated image sensor, a database of celestial objects and a processor configured to estimate the position and orientation of the star tracker.

The impact of the new star tracker could be a smaller, lighter and potentially less expensive celestial navigation system, according to the Laboratory. On many different types of vehicles, in locations where GPS is unavailable, the sliced lens star tracker could serve as a backup or alternative navigation system—especially if further refined.

 The inventors responsible for “Sliced Lens Star Tracker” are J.P. Laine, Robin Dawson, Daniel Meiser, Ben Lane, Eric Hoke, Matthew Jamula, Stephen Smith and Matthew Sinclair at Draper.

Technology Battle

Laine, the director of the PNT Division at Draper, told Inside GNSS that “Now the technology battle starts: how big of a telescope do I need to sight a star? Accounting for different conditions: daytime, nighttime, and so on.

“It’s a question of the optical imaging performance of the telescope. As I try to miniaturize a celestial navigation system, how do I reduce the weight and size of the telescope? That is what this patent is all about.”

Almost any lens-based imaging optic has a lens aperture up front that is circular. The lens diameter largely defines the optical resolution of that system, as well as the number of photons that the imaging system gathers.

Typically, the larger the aperture, the better the angular resolution and the more photons in the system. Reducing the mass and volume of the telescope become the key drivers.

“The sliced lens targets those two problems,” continued Laine. “It’s exactly what it sounds like. Imagine a spotting scope to look at birds. Sliced lens takes all the lenses in that optical path, cutting a slice through them, reducing the cylindrical shape into a flat slice of the optical system.

“Since that slice still has the original diameter represented in the long axis of that slice, that means I have thesame high-resolution angular measurement capacity along that axis.”

The Draper concept then takes a second slice, orthogonal to the first. With two slices looking at the target, one covering the vertical and the other the horizontal axis of resolution, combined yield roughly the same x,y  measuremement at the star as one would get with a full-aperture lens. The volume and weight of the optical design have been significantly reduced.

“The slice concept is particularly useful for imaging point sources,” said Laine, “determining angles to stars. There are several variations to the concept, for various applications and performance levels. Accuracy depends on your ability to measure the angle to the star, the resolution of the star tracker, and the resolution of angular measurement to other references required (for example: the horizon and the vertical).

“Star trackers generally speaking are capable of providing orientation information, attitude information and position information. All you need for that complement of info, the only data set that I really need, is a star catalog: a [precise]map of where stars are, and a clock. With those three, that’s all I need in my ‘starter kit’ to begin generating a complement of attitude, orientation and position solutions.”

Star trackers could potentially constitute a powerful tool on their own. But combine a star tracker with a GNSS receiver, particularly one with an integrated inertial system, could provide a very robust capability. The star tracker could actually help discipline the IMU, Laine says.

“What are the negatives?” he asked. “Cloud cover. That’s pretty much it.”

Star trackers are not entirely novel, after the centuries gap from sextant use. The Space Shuttle on display in the Smithsonian’s Aerospace Museum in Washington, D.C. has two large star trackers in the nose, visible as two large circular apertures, forward of the commander’s window. Other NASA spacecraft also carry them, as a very accurate way of measuring, angularly, to the stars.

“The concept of celestial navigation is very old,” concluded Laine. “The new piece in this patent is the reduction in size, volume and mass. As we continue along that pathway developing systems that are better in performance, smaller in size, and in every way improved, we open up a whole avenue of research – moving to better computational techniques and very novel hardware architecture designs.” 

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In today’s constantly changing naval environment, crews need to contend with the threat of cyberattacks, electronic warfare activity and the high risk of jamming and spoofing of GPS-based radionavigation solutions. Accurate navigation data, real-time data distribution and resistance to external threats are crucial for every mission conducted by a naval vessel today.

The TopAxyz inertial unit uses accurate, reliable navigation information that is independent of sea state and vessel location, combined with a function that detects attempts to spoof GPS signals. The navigation data calculated by TopAxyz is distributed in real time by the NDDS (Navigation Data Distribution System) developed by CS GROUP’s onboard computer. This computer uses the latest technological advances in cybersecurity, guaranteeing the best level of resilience to attacks. Its architecture offers 3 key advantages: safer navigation, reduced costs and integration risks, ease of use and simplified maintenance of the system.

The system provides high-precision pointing, gyrocompass, location and navigation functionality for all types of naval platforms, from surface combatants and submarines to autonomous vehicles.

“After proving their value on board aircraft, space launchers and French Army land vehicles, Thales inertial navigation systems are now available for naval platforms,” said Tristan Grivel, Vice President Business Development and Sales for Thales’s flight avionics business.

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The International Cospas-Sarsat Programme is a satellite-aided search and rescue (SAR) initiative, dedicated to detecting and locating radio beacons activated by persons, aircraft or vessels in distress, and forwarding this alert information to authorities that can take action for rescue.

The system utilizes a network of satellites that provide coverage everywhere on Earth. Distress alerts are detected, located and forwarded to over 200 countries and territories at no cost to beacon owners or the receiving government agencies. Cospas-Sarsat was conceived and initiated by Canada, France, the United States, and the former Soviet Union in 1979.

At 08:00 AM local time, a simulated electrical malfunction caused a “fire” in the ship’s engine room that the crew could not extinguish. The fire knocked out the ship’s communication systems. The only solution available was the onboard Cospas-Sarsat Emergency Position-indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB).

Since the Initial Service declaration in 2016, EU Space Programme has provided operational data to the international Search and Rescue system Cospas-Sarsat. Thanks to SAR/Galileo the “Search” part from the Search and Rescue is shorter, faster and more reliable.

The ship’s EPIRB is compatible with the Galileo Return Link Service. The RLS is a unique feature provided by EU Space Programme that upon independent confirmation of the beacon location by Cospas-Sarsat, provides an automatic confirmation to the distress users that the emergency transmission has been received and that relevant SAR forces have been alerted. The SAR/Galileo system was designed in cooperation with the International Cospas-Sarsat system.

Sequence of demo events:

06:06:10 (1)- – Mayday, Mayday, Mayday! Captain requests EPIRB beacon activation

06:06:36 (1-2) – Beacon is switched on and distress transmission starts

06:07:26 (2-3) – First independent location and notification to Norwegian Joint Rescue Mission Control Center

06:08:16 (3-4) – Second independent location and confirmed position triggering the Return Link Message Request to Galileo.

06:08:39 (5) – Return Link Message (RLM_Request) request received from French Mission Control Center.

06:08:40 (6) – Return Link request processed and transmitted to be uplink into Galileo satellites GSAT-0212 available above the distress area.

06:08:56 (7) – Return Link Message received by the EIPIRB

In 2 min 20 seconds, the Galileo System provided the Return Link acknowledged the SOS call from the EPIRB, providing a location accuracy of around 730m. Such measurements confirm Galileo performance at extremely high latitudes.

The Search operation was further supported using Earth Observation Data from the Copernicus Programme. The usages span from classic satellite imagery of the suroundings of the event, to sea wave height, sea currents, icecap positioning and direction as well as and water temperature among others. In particular, the Barentswatch application is very used by the Arctic Search and Rescue organizations.

The fast and accurate response enabled the responsible Joint Rescue Coordination Center to quickly launch the rescue operation and scramble the required assets to commence the evacuation. 200 passengers were airlifted over a period of a few hours to an emergency camp.

Content for this news story came from an online article by Pol Novell, Galileo Operations Engineer. Further information is also available on the EUSPA website.

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The online interactive map is accessible here.

Augmentation service providers deliver a range of high-accuracy GNSS positioning services worldwide, tailored both for professional and consumer markets. Service providers monitor signals from GNSS (GPS, GLONASS, Beidou and Galileo) satellites and generate corrections to significantly improve the accuracy of GNSS standalone positioning. Correction messages are transmitted via the internet, SATCOM or GPRS to GNSS receivers. There are different types of services appropriate to all needs and budgets, offering different levels of accuracy from centimeters to decimeters. These solutions can be used in a number of markets including: mapping, surveying, construction, agriculture, automotive or aviation, to name a few.

Standard GNSS positioning, often affected by several errors, can be corrected using augmentation services to provide a more accurate and precise position. With augmentation services, users can operate their receivers virtually anywhere on the globe and, by means of receiving data from a control center, achieve accuracies ranging from meter to centimeter-level, depending on the hardware, platform and application.

Today, there are different augmentation techniques based on the use of a network of ground-based reference or monitoring stations with known locations that enable to calculate corrections (e.g. differential corrections for RTK or clocks and orbits corrections for PPP). These corrections can then be disseminated, for instance, over the internet or satellites.

The augmentation service provider map is a thematic map updated on a quarterly basis that provides an easy way to visualize the service providers that are able to operate in each country. Clicking on each country shows the names of the Galileo-ready providers along with the name and type of service and coverage.

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Neutrally buoyant and self-contained, it delivers diver position through the combination of dual modernized GPS engine receivers (one embedded and one detachable for floating) with the jam-resistant military M-code capability and diver-based dead reckoning systems: magnetic heading and orientation, swim heading, velocity and height above seabed and pressure sensor for depth. It also includes the Selective Availability Anti-spoofing Module (SAASM) with Y-Code and C/A-Code functionality.

MUNS-M was developed in partnership with Blue Print Subsea, a UK-based company that manufactures a range of handheld underwater navigation products to assist search-and-rescue and locate objects on the seabed, under contract with the U.S. Department of Defense.

Users can quickly interpret information presented on a 7-inch color display with 10-button keypad that can switching between sonar, navigation and other data.  It can be attached via lanyard to the diver, and its neutral buoyancy enables it to hang free during descent/ascent or when the diver may need to operate gas valves or other life support apparatus.

Users can create and download pre-dive mission planning files to configure navigation marker locations, such as waypoints and targets of interest, and upload and review the post-dive data collected in dive log files and display information. The swim guide status bar is always visible on the navigation display screen, regardless of the main display being shown. It provides the diver “heading to swim” directions for the selected navigation destination including pre-loaded waypoints. Divers can be tracked and communicated with in real-time from the surface and broadcast their location to other divers.

“Military divers face dangerous, complex underwater navigation objectives that require precise positioning and secure anti-jamming capabilities,” said Adam Atkins, principal account manager, Mission Systems. “Our new MUNS-M system is specifically designed to meet the needs of the military diver community and perform in demanding combat environments.”

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DDK Positioning will deliver its MAX services to Oceaneering International, Inc.’s clients in the offshore maritime market. These clients, primarily in the marine energy sector, can achieve accuracy to less than 5 centimeters with this new service, according to the companies. The MAX unified solution offers two-way communication enabling machine control and feedback, and redundancy to cover potential signal losses. Oceaneering recently conducted an extensive review of how it delivers positioning services to its clients and evaluated the significant advances made in communications infrastructure and services over recent years.

Ian Stilgoe, vice president of Topcon emerging business, said, “With Topcon Positioning Systems’ extensive history in precise positioning, providing high performance and quality GNSS boards, antennas and receivers to the OEM industry for over 20 years, the company is well-positioned to supply DDK Positioning with the hardware needed to support their clients globally. Working closely with DDK Positioning and Iridium was key to meet the requirements of Oceaneering and the maritime market.

Founded in 2016, DDK has used Iridium’s low-Earth orbit satellite constellation to create a robust, resilient and completely independent GNSS solution. Oceaneering International is a global provider of engineered services and products, primarily to the offshore energy industry. The company also serves the defense, aerospace, and entertainment industries.

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The Geoflex corrections increased the accuracy of the position from the GPS/Galileo chipset from 3-10 meters to centimetric level: 5 cm (East), 6.1 cm (North) and 14.4 cm (Up) with 68% confidence level. To show the improved accuracy, the demonstration device followed the marking of the football stadium.

This paves the way for precise applications across the African continent in a broad range of sectors, including precision agriculture, land and maritime transport, rail safety, drone navigation, mapping and surveying.

Geoflex’s hypergeolocation service has been available since 2018 as a subscription via the Internet, in real time or in post-processing. However, this demonstration of reception through the L Band of NIGCOMSAT-1R removes the need for an additional telecom link, allowing precise positioning wherever the satellite signal is broadcast: over Africa and Indian Ocean.

The demonstration was funded by Agence pour la Sécurité de la Navigation Aérienne en Afrique et à Madagascar (ASECNA), and technically developed in partnership with Thales Alenia Space, NIGCOMSAT and the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (ASECNA ().

The corrections technology was initially developed by the French space agency CNES in research spanning 12 years. It is protected by 7 patents licensed to Geoflex, which continues the co-development of the technology together with the CNES. In addition to its core data service, Geoflex has developed a positioning engine which includes sensor fusion with a large variety of other technologies: inertial, optical, communications, as well as a hardware development kit.

Geoflex provides universal hypergeolocation to a large number of use cases: trains, cars, vessels, drones, smartphones, robots, agriculture machinery and more. The European GNSS Agency estimates that the market addressed by Geoflex GNSS augmentations will grow from €23 Billion in 2020 to €42 Billion in 2025.

The Agency for Air Navigation Safety in Africa and Madagascar (ASECNA), Nigerian Communications Satellite Ltd. (NIGCOMSAT) and Thales Alenia Space, the joint venture between Thales (67%) and Leonardo (33%), are working together to accelerate the development of additional satellite services provided by ASECNA’s A-SBAS (Satellite-Based Augmentation System) for Africa and the Indian Ocean to deliver precise point positioning (PPP, CNES/Geoflex) and danger warnings for a wide range of applications in Africa.

The three partners have broadcast the SBAS signal over the Africa & Indian Ocean (AFI) region since September 2020 to provide the first SBAS open service in this part of the world via the NigComSat-1R satellite. This trial follows successful flight demonstrations in January 2021 in Lomé, Togo and the following June in Douala, Cameroon.

The first demonstration of the special urgent situation warning service via satellite showed the system’s ability to broadcast a warning message via the A-SBAS signal to mobile phones, without requiring a terrestrial network. This service sends a message to the populations concerned, providing information on the type of danger and instructions to be followed. The second demonstration entailed the transmission of GNSS corrections based on CNES/Geoflex PPP technology and also using the A-SBAS signal. This approach showed the system’s ability to achieve positioning accuracy to within centimeters across the entire African continent.

ASECNA is an international public organization. Its main mission is to provide air navigation services within an airspace of 16,500,000 square kilometers, divided into six flight information regions (F.I.R) as defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). ASECNA also develops solutions for airport management, aviation infrastructure studies and construction, equipment maintenance, calibration of air navigation instruments and training for civil aviation staff.

Nigerian Communications Satellite Ltd. (NIGCOMSAT) is a company and agency under the Federal Ministry of Communications and Digital Economy whose mission is to be the leading satellite operator and service provider in Africa. NIGCOMSAT Ltd. owns and operates the Nigerian communications satellite system. The company provides innovative and cutting-edge satellite communications solutions by operating and managing a geostationary communication satellite, NigComSat-1R, built to provide domestic and international satellite services via a 2-way satellite communications system across West, Central and Southeast Africa, as well as Europe and Asia. The satellite is a hybrid communication satellite with a payload for navigation overlay services (NOS) similar to EGNOS.

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